Wear Testing
Building & Electrical Materials
Building, Electrical
  • Countertops
  • Decorative Laminates
  • Flooring
  • Gypsum Board
  • Insulated Wire
  • Linoleum
  • Rubber Tile
  • Vinyl
  • Wallboard
  • Wood Products
  • plus others
* The following suggestions are provided as a starting point for using the Taber Rotary Abraser to evaluate different materials. Based on the manufacturers recommendations, the abrading wheels should be refaced prior to each test and a consistent vacuum nozzle height should be used (measured off the specimen surface). Other factors to consider include specimen conditioning, environmental conditions, vacuum suction level, specimen cleaning, and test cycles.

Linoleum

Specimen: 4 inches diameter or square with ¼ inch center hole
Wheels and Load: H-18 or H-22 Calibrade with 500 or 1000 gram load
Alternate Wheels and Load: For solid linoleum subjected to extreme wear or cutting action, S-35 Tungsten Carbide wheels with 1000 gram load
Evaluation: Weight loss or depth of wear method; maximum depth of penetration recommended is 1/16 inch

Insulated Wire

Specimen: To prepare the specimen, an S-36-1 mounting card is placed on the specimen holder. And abrading wheel cap nut is placed temporarily over the holder center screw to act as a guide. The specimen wire is wound in a clockwise direction, in a flat spiral, outward from the circumference of the guide to the edge of the holder. The cap nut guide is then removed and the coiled wire specimen, mounted on its holder, is placed against a flat surface and weighted with 5 pounds for 1 hour. The specimen holder clamp plate and clamp ring are attached to the holder before the test begins.
Wheels and Load: CS-17 Calibrase with 1000 gram load
Alternate Wheels and Load: H-22 Calibrade with 1000 gram load
Evaluation: Visual end point, at the first sign that the wheels have worn through the insulation to the wire
Remark: Use of an electrical current to detect the end point automatically, is suggested. One end of the specimen wire may be grounded and a soft wire tinsel brush, in contact with the wear path, conducted to a suitable electronic switch to stop the abraser at a predetermined end point corresponding to the breakdown of the insulation.

Tile (Rubber and Asphalt)

Specimen: 4 inches diameter or square with ¼ inch center hole
Wheels and Load: H-18 or H-22 Calibrade with 500 or 1000 gram load
Alternate Wheels and Load: For solid linoleum subjected to extreme wear or cutting action, S-35 Tungsten Carbide wheels with 1000 gram load
Evaluation: Weight loss or depth of wear method; maximum depth of penetration recommended is 1/16 inch

General Notes

  • To generate useful data, specimens must be flat. A Ring Clamp Specimen Holder (E140-14) or Threaded Ring Specimen Holder (E140-21) can be used to test materials that are slightly warped.
  • The recommended specimen thickness is 6.5mm (¼ inch). Using the S-21 Extension Nut, specimens up to 12mm (½ inch) in thickness can be evaluated. An Arm Height Extension modification (Available from Taber Industries or Taber Distributors) will permit testing up to 40mm in thickness.
  • Rigid materials are generally mounted to the standard specimen holder without the Clamp Ring (E100-102), and require a 6.5mm (¼ inch) center hole. When using the S-21 Extension Nut, a 9.5mm (3/8 inch) center hole is required. It is possible to test specimens without a center hole by using the S-37 or S-37-1 Mounting Sheets and the Drive Pin Type Holder (E140-19).
  • Flexible materials are mounted on the standard specimen holder with the clamp ring. The E100-101 Specimen Clamp will accommodate flexible materials up to 1/32 inch thick. The E100-102 Specimen Clamp will accommodate flexible materials up to 1/16 inch thick. Flexible materials can also be held without the use of a clamp ring by means of the S-36 or S-36-1 Mounting Card.
  • To subject specimens to a wet abrasion test, the Rimmed Specimen Holder (E140-75) can be used. This is useful to determine the effect of absorbed and / or surface moisture on abrasion resistance.

Reference

Title

Scope
AS/NZS AS2924.2 High pressure decorative laminates - Sheets made from thermosetting resins - Determination of properties The test measures the ability of the decorative surface of the sheet under test to resist abrasive wear-through to the sub-layer.
AS/NZS 4266.20:1996 Reconstituted Wood-Based Panels - Methods of Test This standard specifies a method for determining the resistance to surface abrasion of decorative surfaces by using the Taber abrader. It is applicable to all low pressure overlaid particleboards and medium density fibreboards (MDF's).
ASTM F510-93 Standard Test Method for Resistance to Abrasion of Resilient Floor Coverings Using an Abrader with a Grit Feed Method This test method covers the laboratory procedure for determining the abrasion resistance of resilient flooring using an abrader with a grit feeder.
ASTM G195 Standard Guide for Conducting Wear Tests Using a Rotary Platform, Double-Head Abraser This guide covers and is intended to assist in establishing procedures for conducting wear tests of rigid or flexible materials utilizing the rotary platform, double-head abraser (RPDH).
BS EN 14431 Vitreous and Porcelain Enamels - Characteristics of the Enamel Coatings Applied to Steel Panels Intended for Architecture The Standard specifies the requirements for enamel coated, plane, cold rolled, heavy and light gauge steel panels intended for interior and exterior architectural use. It includes the functional and aesthetic characteristics and resistance to graffiti of these panels and the related coatings.�
BS EN 14864 Vitreous and Porcelain Enamels - Enamel Coatings Applied to Steel for Writing Surfaces - Specification The Standard specifies the requirements for the functional and aesthetic characteristics of vitreous or porcelain enamel coatings applied to plain steel for use as writing surfaces (whiteboards and chalkboards).�
DIN 53 799 Decorative Laminated Sheets on Basis of Aminoplastic Resins; Test Method  
DIN EN 14431 Vitreous and Porcelain Enamels - Characteristics of the Enamel Coatings Applied to Steel Panels Intended for Architecture The Standard specifies the requirements for enamel coated, plane, cold rolled, heavy and light gauge steel panels intended for interior and exterior architectural use. It includes the functional and aesthetic characteristics and resistance to graffiti of these panels and the related coatings.��
DIN EN 14864 Vitreous and Porcelain Enamels - Enamel Coatings Applied to Steel for Writing Surfaces - Specification The Standard specifies the requirements for the functional and aesthetic characteristics of vitreous or porcelain enamel coatings applied to plain steel for use as writing surfaces (whiteboards and chalkboards).�
EN 13329:2000 Laminate floor Coverings - Specifications, Requirements and Test Methods This annex specifies the method for measuring abrasion resistance and consequently determining the abrasion class of laminate floor covering elements. The test described measures the ability of the surface layer to resist abrasive wear-through.
EN 14431 Vitreous and Porcelain Enamels - Characteristics of the Enamel Coatings Applied to Steel Panels Intended for Architecture The Standard specifies the requirements for enamel coated, plane, cold rolled, heavy and light gauge steel panels intended for interior and exterior architectural use. It includes the functional and aesthetic characteristics and resistance to graffiti of these panels and the related coatings.�
EN 14323 Wood-based panels - Melamine faced boards for interior uses - Test methods This European Standard specifies test methods for the determination of characteristics of melamine faced boards (MFB) as defined in EN 14322. Section 5.9: This test measures the ability of the decorative surface of melamine surfaces board to resist abrasive wear-through by rotating a specimen in contact with cylindrical wheels covered with abrasive paper. The number of revolutions of the specimen required to cause a defined degree of abrasion is used as a measure of resistance to abrasion.
EN 14864 Vitreous and Porcelain Enamels - Enamel Coatings Applied to Steel for Writing Surfaces - Specification The Standard specifies the requirements for the functional and aesthetic characteristics of vitreous or porcelain enamel coatings applied to plain steel for use as writing surfaces (whiteboards and chalkboards).
EN 14904 Surfaces for sports areas � Indoor surfaces for multi-sports uses - Specification This European Standard specifies requirements for surfaces for indoor facilities for multi-sports use. It also covers surface systems which include both their supporting and upper layers whether prefabricated, produced in situ or a combination of the two. It also provides for the evaluation of conformity of products to the requirements of this European Standard. This European Standard is not applicable to indoor tennis halls. Note: �Multi-Sports�� will be defined by appropriate national provisions.
EN 1504-2 Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures � Definitions, requirements, quality control and evaluation of conformity � Part 2: Surface protection systems for concrete. Abrasion Test according to EN 5470-1  
EN 438-2 1991 Decorative High Pressure Laminates (HPL); Sheets Based on Thermosetting Resins; Part 2: Determination of Properties The test measures the ability of the decorative surface of the sheet under test to resist abrasive wear-through to the sub-layer.
EN 660-2:1999 Resilient floor coverings - Determination of wear resistance - Part 2: Frick-Taber Test This European Standard describes the Frick-Taber method for determining the wear resistance of the wear layer of polyvinyl chloride floor coverings under laboratory conditions. The test method is applicable to floor coverings with smooth surfaces. It can be used to determine the wear resistance of surfaces against abrasion and particularly for ranking different wear layer types within one type of product.
EN 655 Resilient floor coverings - Tiles of agglomerated composition cork with polyvinyl chloride wear layer - Specification This European Standard specifies the characteristics of agglomerated cork with a wear layer based on polyvinyl choride and modifications thereof (reference to EN 660-2).
ENV 13696 Wood and Parquet Flooring - Determination of Elasticity and Resistance to Wear  
ISO 4586-2:1997/Amd.4:2000(E) High-pressure decorative laminates - Sheets made from thermosetting resins The test measures the ability of the decorative surface of the sheet under test to resist abrasive wear-through to the sub-layer.
ISO 24338 Laminate Floor Coverings � Determination of abrasion resistance This International Standard specifies a method for measuring abrasion of laminate floor covering elements. The test described measures the ability of the surface layer to resist abrasive wear-through. Abrasion is achieved by rotating a test specimen in contact with a pair of loaded cylindrical wheels covered with specified abrasive paper. The number of revolutions of the test specimen required to cause a defined degree of abrasion is measured.
JIS A 1453 Method of Abrasion Test for Building Materials and Part of Building Construction (Abrasive-Paper Method) This Japanese Industrial Standard applies to building materials and parts of building construction and specifies the testing method to evaluate the degree of abrasion of the test piece.
JIS K 6902 Testing Method for Laminated Thermosetting Decorative Sheets This Japanese Industrial Standard specifies the testing method for laminated thermosetting decorative sheets.
JIS L 1021-11 Textile floor Coverings - Part 11: Determination of wear  
MIL-C-22992E General Specification for Connectors, Plugs and Receptacles, Electrical Waterproof, Quick Disconnect, Heavy Duty Type This specification covers multi-contact heavy duty, quick disconnect, waterproof, electrical plug and receptacle connectors and associated accessories for electronic and electrical power and control circuits.
MIL-P 18493 (NAVY) Military Specification - Packing, Performed, Carbon; and Carbon Stock, Packing This specification covers carbon-packing material (1700) for rotary rod and shaft.
MIL-STD-13231 Department of Defense Standard Practice - Marking of Electronic Items This standard covers the general requirements for marking of electronic items.
NALFA LF-01-2001 Laminate Flooring This product standard shall apply to the performance of laminate flooring. The standard will be useful in guiding manufacturers and educating consumers about minimum requirements of laminate flooring.
NEMA LD3 - 2000 High Pressure Decorative Laminates This test measures the ability of the surface of high-pressure decorative laminate to resist abrasive wear-through of the decorative layer.
NF EN 14431 Vitreous and Porcelain Enamels - Characteristics of the Enamel Coatings Applied to Steel Panels Intended for Architecture The Standard specifies the requirements for enamel coated, plane, cold rolled, heavy and light gauge steel panels intended for interior and exterior architectural use. It includes the functional and aesthetic characteristics and resistance to graffiti of these panels and the related coatings.�
NF EN 14864 Vitreous and Porcelain Enamels - Enamel Coatings Applied to Steel for Writing Surfaces - Specification The Standard specifies the requirements for the functional and aesthetic characteristics of vitreous or porcelain enamel coatings applied to plain steel for use as writing surfaces (whiteboards and chalkboards).�
NSF/ANSI 35-1999 High Pressure Decorative Laminates for Surfacing Food Service Equipment This Standard applies to high pressure decorative laminates for use as work and non-work surfaces of food service equipment on which direct food contact during normal preparation or holding operations is not intended, expected, or reasonable. Applications of high-pressure decorative laminates covered by this Standard include wait stations, service counters, and other counters when used in conjunction with cutting boards or other means of preventing direct food contact with the laminate. High pressure decorative laminates used on equipment for which other NSF or ANSI/NSF Standards or Criteria exist shall also comply with the applicable requirements therein.
NSF/ANSI 49-02e Class II (Laminar Flow) Biohazard Cabinetry This Standard applies to Class II (laminar flow) bio-safety cabinetry designed to minimize hazards inherent in work with agents assigned to bio-safety levels 1, 2, 3, or 4 and defines the tests that shall be passed by such cabinetry to meet this Standard.
NSF/ANSI 51-2002 Food Equipment Materials This Standard is applicable to the materials and finishes used in the manufacture of food equipment (e.g., broiler, beverage dispenser, cutting board, stock pot).
prEN 14688 Sanitary appliances - Wash basins Functional requirements and test methods (part 5.7)
PR Env 175.333.08 Wood Flooring (including parquet) [and wood paneling and cladding] - Test Method to Determine Elasticity and Resistance to Wear This standard specifies two test methods to determine the resistance to wear of lacquered wood floorings.
SAE J 2394 Seven-Conductor Cable for Abs Power This SAE Standard establishes the minimum construction and performance requirements for seven-conductor 1/8-2/10-4/12 cable for use on trucks and trailers.
SIS 92 35 09 Floor Materials - Determination of Abrasion Resistance This standard describes a method for the determination of the abrasion resistance of organic flooring materials when exposed to walking traffic of a revolving nature (point abrasion). The method is not however suited to asphalt, textile carpeting, or un-lacquered wood.
SS EN 14431 Vitreous and Porcelain Enamels - Characteristics of the Enamel Coatings Applied to Steel Panels Intended for Architecture The Standard specifies the requirements for enamel coated, plane, cold rolled, heavy and light gauge steel panels intended for interior and exterior architectural use. It includes the functional and aesthetic characteristics and resistance to graffiti of these panels and the related coatings.�
SS EN 14864 Vitreous and Porcelain Enamels - Enamel Coatings Applied to Steel for Writing Surfaces - Specification The Standard specifies the requirements for the functional and aesthetic characteristics of vitreous or porcelain enamel coatings applied to plain steel for use as writing surfaces (whiteboards and chalkboards).�
UNE 56-842 Kitchen Furniture. Tests for surfacing materials. This norm establishes the tests for surface coatings of kitchen furniture.
UNE 56-843 Kitchen Furniture. Physical tests.  
UNE 56-868 Bathroom Furniture. Physical test methods.  
UNE EN 14431 Vitreous and Porcelain Enamels - Characteristics of the Enamel Coatings Applied to Steel Panels Intended for Architecture The Standard specifies the requirements for enamel coated, plane, cold rolled, heavy and light gauge steel panels intended for interior and exterior architectural use. It includes the functional and aesthetic characteristics and resistance to graffiti of these panels and the related coatings.
UNE EN 14864 Vitreous and Porcelain Enamels - Enamel Coatings Applied to Steel for Writing Surfaces - Specification The Standard specifies the requirements for the functional and aesthetic characteristics of vitreous or porcelain enamel coatings applied to plain steel for use as writing surfaces (whiteboards and chalkboards).
UNE 53173 Part 2 Decorative High Pressure Laminates (HPL); Sheets Based on Thermosetting Resins; Part 2: Determination of Properties The test measures the ability of the decorative surface of the sheet under test to resist abrasive wear-through to the sub-layer.
UNI EN 14431 Vitreous and Porcelain Enamels - Characteristics of the Enamel Coatings Applied to Steel Panels Intended for Architecture The Standard specifies the requirements for enamel coated, plane, cold rolled, heavy and light gauge steel panels intended for interior and exterior architectural use. It includes the functional and aesthetic characteristics and resistance to graffiti of these panels and the related coatings.�
UNI EN 14864 Vitreous and Porcelain Enamels - Enamel Coatings Applied to Steel for Writing Surfaces - Specification The Standard specifies the requirements for the functional and aesthetic characteristics of vitreous or porcelain enamel coatings applied to plain steel for use as writing surfaces (whiteboards and chalkboards).�